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常見被動式時態

文法講座文法講座十七:被動式 > 常見被動式時態


被動式動詞的基本架構為「be + p.p.」。依不同時態變化如下:
  1. 現在被動:is/ am/ are + p.p. 
  2. 過去被動:was/ were + p.p. 
  3. 未來被動:will be + p.p. 或 is/ am/ are going to be + p.p. 
  4. 現在完成被動:has/ have been + p.p. 
  5. 過去完成被動:had been + p.p.
  6. 未來完成被動:will have been + p.p. 
  7. 現在進行被動:is/ am/ are being + p.p.
  8. 過去進行被動:was/ were being + p.p.
  9. 含助動詞的被動式:助動詞 + be + p.p.
主動語態和被動語態對照表

時態 主詞 動詞 受詞
1. [主動]現在式 She buys the apples.
    現在[被動]式 The apples are bought by her.
2. [主動]過去式 She bought the apples.
    過去[被動]式 The apples were bought by her.
3. [主動]未來式 She will buy the apples.
    未來[被動]式 The apples will be bought by her.
4. [主動]現在完成式 She has bought the apples.
    現在完成[被動]式 The apples have been bought by her.
5. [主動]過去完成式 She had bought the apples.
    過去完成[被動]式 The apples had been bought by her.
6. [主動]未來完成式 She will have bought the apples.
    未來完成[被動]式 The apples will have been bought by her.
7. [主動]現在進行式 She is buying the apples.
    現在進行[被動]式 The apples are being bought by her.
8. [主動]過去進行式 She was buying the apples.
    過去進行[被動]式 The apples was being bought by her.
9.含助動詞時態 She would buy the apples.
    含助動詞[被動]式 The apples would be bought by her.


例句:我討厭父母對我碎碎念。
I hate being lectured by my parents
「父母對我碎碎念」,換句話說「我被父母念」,故得用「被動式」。

例句:我不知道誰做了這件事,但我家的狗已經被放出去了。
I don’t know who did it, but my pet dog has been let out
狗兒不會主動執行「放出去」這動作,故得用「被動式」。

例句:發現雇主之前支付給他的薪水遠比其他同事少時,他感到非常生氣。
He was angry to discover that he was being paid much less than his coworkers. 
「雇主付他薪水」,換句話說「他被付薪水」,所以得用「被動式」。全句為「過
去式」,為強調之前他「一直」領得少,故搭配「過去進行被動式」was being p.p.。

被動式簡介




http://www.learnerhall.org/2018/12/blog-post.html
文法講座 4245110655800138905
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