文法講座 038：「更不用說」let alone、much less、not to mention

片語「更別提；更不用說」可用來進一步強調和延伸之前的論述。常用的「更別提；更不用說」片語，都不可放句首，而應放在兩句間，即：第一句，「更別提」第二句。

1️⃣ let alone，通常用於帶否定意味的句子後。
2️⃣ not to mention / to say nothing of / not to speak of +「名詞或動名詞」。
3️⃣ 肯定意味的句子 + still more / much more，意指「而且還…」。
4️⃣ 否定意味的句子 + still less / much less，意指「更別提；更不用說」。

much less、still less 中的 “less” 是由含否定意味的 “little” 轉變而來，所以 much less、still less 前方只能搭配否定的句子，still more、much more 和 still less、much less 相反，前方只能搭配肯定的句子。

to say nothing of、not to speak of、not to mention 和 let alone 可隨前一句的意思而定。前一句是肯定，則追加的也是肯定，若前一句是否定，則追加的也是否定的。 

例：我們連吃一餐的錢都沒有，更別提住旅館了。

✓ We hadn't got the money to have a meal, let alone stay in a hotel.
✓ We hadn't got the money to have a meal, much less stay in a hotel.
✓ We hadn't got the money to have a meal, to say nothing of staying in a hotel. 

本句強調「我們不可能住旅館」。

例：我連電影的名字都記不得，更別提電影劇情和細節了。

✓ I can’t remember the name of the movie, let alone the film plot and details.
✓ I can’t remember the name of the movie, not to mention the film plot and details.
✓ I can’t remember the name of the movie, not to speak of the film plot and details.
✓ I can’t remember the name of the movie, still less the film plot and details. 

本句強調的重點在於「我完全不記得電影劇情和細節」。

例：他們連魚子醬、松露和鵝肝醬都端出來給賓客享用，更別說平常的牛排。

✓ The guests were served caviar, truffles and foie gras, let alone usual steak.
✓ The guests were served caviar, truffles and foie gras, not to mention usual steak.
✓ The guests were served caviar, truffles and foie gras, much more usual steak. 

本句強調「賓客一定有牛排可吃」。

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