單字講座 73:decrease (n) (v) / decline (n) (v) / reduce (v)
http://www.learnerhall.org/2024/06/72dental-adj-oral-adj-verbal-adj_28.html
少子化衝擊下,學生人數逐年銳減,每年都有學校熄燈關門。將閒置校舍翻轉成為多元用途的綜合長照中心似乎已成趨勢。有哪些英文單字可表達「減少」的意思呢?下方說分明。
▍decrease (v) (n) 減少下降
▶ 例 1:在太空中,人的心跳變得緩慢,肌肉量減少,骨骼流失一些鈣質。
In space, the heart gets lazy, muscles decrease in size, and bones lose some of their calcium.
▶ 例 2:產品需求量減少,同時供給量增加,這將使價格下降。
A simultaneous decrease in product demand and an increase in supply will decrease the price.
註 第一個 decrease 為「名詞」,第二個 decrease 為「動詞」。
▍decline (v) 減少下降 / 拒絕 (n) 減少下降
▶ 例 1:你戒菸後,得大多數癌症的風險將會下降。
The risk of developing most cancers will decline after you quit smoking.
▶ 例 2:由於行程衝突,我不得不拒絕 Jack 的派對邀請。
Due to conflicting schedules, I had no choice but to decline Jack’s party invitation.
▶ 例3:據報導,該車商這一季遭逢獲利急遽減少。
It is reported that the automaker faces a sharp decline in its profits this season.
▍reduce (v) 減少
▶ 例 1:戒菸減少死於癌症的風險。
Quitting smoking reduces the risk of dying from cancer.
由上方例句可知,decrease 和 reduce 後方可加受詞,而 decline 後方則不加受詞。
▍decrease (v) (n) 減少下降
▶ 例 1:在太空中,人的心跳變得緩慢,肌肉量減少,骨骼流失一些鈣質。
In space, the heart gets lazy, muscles decrease in size, and bones lose some of their calcium.
▶ 例 2:產品需求量減少,同時供給量增加,這將使價格下降。
A simultaneous decrease in product demand and an increase in supply will decrease the price.
註 第一個 decrease 為「名詞」,第二個 decrease 為「動詞」。
▍decline (v) 減少下降 / 拒絕 (n) 減少下降
▶ 例 1:你戒菸後,得大多數癌症的風險將會下降。
The risk of developing most cancers will decline after you quit smoking.
▶ 例 2:由於行程衝突,我不得不拒絕 Jack 的派對邀請。
Due to conflicting schedules, I had no choice but to decline Jack’s party invitation.
▶ 例3:據報導,該車商這一季遭逢獲利急遽減少。
It is reported that the automaker faces a sharp decline in its profits this season.
▍reduce (v) 減少
▶ 例 1:戒菸減少死於癌症的風險。
Quitting smoking reduces the risk of dying from cancer.
由上方例句可知,decrease 和 reduce 後方可加受詞,而 decline 後方則不加受詞。