文法講座 014:主詞和動詞一致
http://www.learnerhall.org/2012/11/blog-post_1726.html
英文句子的基本結構為:主詞 + 動詞 + 地點 + 時間;其中「主詞」和 「動詞」為必備要件,缺一不可,而「地點」和「時間」則可有可無。
例:斑馬身上的條紋幫助它躲避敵人。
A zebra’s stripes help this animal hide from its enemies.
主詞「斑馬身上的條紋」中,「斑馬的」為形容詞,不會影響動詞單複數,重點在名詞「條紋」,stripes 為複數,需搭配複數動詞 help。
例:撤銷贊助所有學校活動這決議已引發軒然大波。
The decision to withdraw all support from the school activities has caused an uproar.
例:撤銷贊助所有學校活動這決議已引發軒然大波。
The decision to withdraw all support from the school activities has caused an uproar.
主詞「撤銷贊助所有學校活動這決議」中,「to withdraw…activities」補充說明「決議」內容,為「主詞補語」,不會影響動詞單複數,故重點在名詞「決議」,the decision 為單數,需搭配單數動詞 has caused。
例:陳偉殷,以及他的隊友,在棒球場上是個可怕難纏的對手。
Wei-Yin Chen, together with his teammates, presents a formidable opponent in the baseball field.
插入的補述句 together with his teammates 不會影響動詞單複數,故重點在主詞 Wei-Yin Chen,主詞為單數,需搭配單數動詞 presents。
例:站在兩個醋勁大發的女友間的那名男子,突然被一張天外飛來的椅子擊中。
Suddenly, the man standing between his two jealous girlfriends was hit by a flying chair.
例:站在兩個醋勁大發的女友間的那名男子,突然被一張天外飛來的椅子擊中。
Suddenly, the man standing between his two jealous girlfriends was hit by a flying chair.
主詞「站在兩個醋勁大發的女友間的那名男子」中,「站在女友間的」( standing … girlfriends )為「形容詞」,不會影響動詞單複數,重點在主詞「男子」,the man 為單數,需搭配單數動詞 was hit。
例:兩個女孩都還沒交英文作文。
Neither of the girls has turned in the English compositions.
主詞由「數量詞 of 名詞」組成,動詞單複數必須視「數量詞」而定。數量詞 neither 意指「沒半個」,為單數,需搭配單數動詞 has turned。
例:兩個女孩都還沒交英文作文。
Neither of the girls has turned in the English compositions.
主詞由「數量詞 of 名詞」組成,動詞單複數必須視「數量詞」而定。數量詞 neither 意指「沒半個」,為單數,需搭配單數動詞 has turned。
